Water is an amazing element. Its chemical structure resembles a V: like arms, a hydrogen atom is attached to the oxygen atom in the middle of each. The transparent liquid is unlike any other substance on this planet. Researchers have discovered 40 different anomalies so far. This is why some consider it a magical element. It is where life on earth had its origins. The majority of the human body consists of the element, which enables all metabolic processes. You can find out more exciting facts about water here.
The water people use comes from natural sources, from hyporheic zones or groundwater. The term ‘hyporheic zone’ refers to the transitional area between river water and groundwater. Groundwater is precipitation that seeps into the ground until it accumulates above an impermeable layer.
Natural water is treated in several steps to make it drinkable for humans. In flocculation, positively charged substances combine with negatively charged impurities, which can then be filtered out. Sedimentation uses gravity to remove particles at the bottom of the supply system. Various filters made of sand and activated carbon remove pathogens, while a disinfectant like chlorine kills any remaining germs.
According to an OECD study from 2016, agriculture accounts for around 70 percent of global water consumption. In Europe, industry and commerce are responsible for roughly 55 percent of total consumption. Private households account for 13 percent.
Climate change is degrading the quality – through things like acid rain – and reducing the quantity of this crucial resource through evaporation. However, sustainable
management can help boost climate protection, as shown by UNESCO’s 2020 World Water Development Report. Reducing losses, and thus also the consumption, of this precious resource also reduces energy consumption and emissions.
Untreated wastewater is a source of greenhouse gases. At the same time, however, its treatment contributes up to seven percent of global emissions. However, UNESCO believes that this figure can be reduced through improved processes and energy conservation. Wastewater treatment can also be used as an energy source. According to UNESCO, the preservation and renaturation of natural wetlands is also important for climate protection.
Some scientists call H2O a magic element because it cannot be compared to any other substance. Only 0.5 percent of the total amount worldwide is drinkable. Climate change is making this resource scarce. Better management through international cooperation and small changes in behavior, like when brushing our teeth, can help save this vital resource.
Water: The Magic Element
OECD Council Recommendation on Water
UN 2020 World Water Development Report: Water and Climate Change
The Water in You: Water and the Human Body
Where is all of the Earth's water?
The Atmosphere and the Water Cycle
Development of water consumption per inhabitant and day in Germany from 1990 to 2019*.
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Interesting facts about water
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